Demurrage and detention charges catch many exporters off guard. Buyers get 7-14 free days before returning empty containers. Exceeding this triggers charges. Always confirm with the buyer when they plan to pick up the container.
FOB and CIF are the most commonly confused Incoterms. Under FOB, risk transfers to the buyer once goods pass the ship's rail. Under CIF, you handle freight and insurance to destination. CIF seems better but you also bear freight fluctuation risk.
LCL vs FCL depends on volume and urgency. Under 15 CBM, LCL is cheaper. Over 20 CBM, FCL is more economical. LCL has schedule unpredictability — the container won't sail until full. Use LCL for non-urgent shipments.
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